Gout

Gout is a disorder of altered purine metabolism. Gout occurs most often in men and is characterized by elevated uric acid levels that cause inflammation. Gout accompanies severe arthritis as well. Gout has a sudden onset of crystal deposits and sodium urate in the connective tissues and articular cartilage. Gout has a familial tendency. Systems involved with gout include the musculoskeletal, endocrine, metabolic, and renal. Signs and symptoms of gout include, but are not limited to acute onset of swelling, pain, erythema, to one or more joints. Gout is characterized by soft tissue redness, swelling, and warmth. Tenderness and pain often accompany gout. Gout is a recurring disorder. The nurse should teach the patient to rest the area until the acute phase of the disease subsides. The diet of an individual with gout will be characterized by low fat, low or no alcohol, no sardines, anchovies, liver or sweetbread.

Dumping syndrome:

Dumping syndrome is a term used to describe a rapid cycle of gastric emptying. Symptoms associated with dumping syndrome include flushing, diaphoresis, weakness, dizziness, nausea, abdominal cramping, diarrhea, and potential vasomotor failure (tachycardia, orthostatic or positional hypertension). When large volumes of food are placed into the small intestine to quickly fluid is pulled from within the cells to accommodate digestion and hypovolemia occurs causing the symptoms associated with dumping syndrome. Dumping syndrome occurs most often after ingestion of a large meal (post-prandially). It is not uncommon for a client to experience both intestinal and vascular symptoms together or have a mono reaction of the intestinal symptoms or the vascular symptoms.